Sample Projects in C#: Consecutive Numbers in Gray Code Sequence

Consecutive Numbers in Gray Code Sequence

• The reflected binary code (RBC), also known as Gray code after Frank Gray, is a binary numeral system where two successive values differ in only one bit (binary digit). The reflected binary code was originally designed to prevent spurious output from electromechanical switches. Today, Gray codes are widely used to facilitate error correction in digital communications such as digital terrestrial television and some cable TV systems. (en.wikipedia.org, 2002)

• So we need to implement a program in C++ that will successively read two numbers which are represented as four-bit numbers. And then it should determine whether these to numbers are consecutive in the Gray code.
• Two binary reflected Gray code neighbors differ by only one bit. But, it doesn’t mean that two Gray codes differing by one bit are neighbors (a => b does not mean that b => a).
• To determine whether two Gray codes are neighbors, we have to check whether previous(a) = b OR next(a) = b. For a given Gray code, you get one neighbor by flipping the rightmost bit and the other neighbor bit by flipping the bit at the left of the rightmost set bit. For the Gray code 1010, the neighbors are 1011 and 1110 (1000 is not one of them).
• Whether you get the previous or the next neighbor by flipping one of these bits actually depends on the parity of the Gray code. However, since we want both neighbors, we don’t have to check for parity.

Screenshots of working program:

Code listing with comments:

#include <iostream>

const int N = 5;//amount of sybmols in the number

bool checkInput(char arr[])
{
	bool error = 0;
	for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) 
	{
		if ((arr[i] != '1') && (arr[i] != '0')) 
		{
			std::cout << "Error in " << i + 1 << "'th symbol\n";
			error = true;
		}
	}

	return error;
}

void checkGray(char a[], char b[])
{
	int sum2(0), sum1(0);

	for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
		sum1 += a[i];
		sum2 += b[i];
	}

	if (sum1 == sum2 + 1 || sum2 == sum1 + 1)std::cout << "Numbers are consecutive\n";
	else std::cout << "Numbers aren't consecutive";
}

int main()
{

	char a[N], b[N];//Gray codes
			   
	std::cout << "Input the first number: ";
	std::cin.getline(a, N);//read the first number

	if (checkInput(a) == 1)//check for only 0 and 1 in the number
	{
		system("pause");
		exit(1);
	}

	std::cout << "Input the second number: ";
	std::cin.getline(b, N);//read the second number

	if (checkInput(b) == 1)//check for only 0 and 1 in the number
	{
		system("pause");
		exit(1);
	}

	checkGray(a, b);//check for consecutive numbers

	system("pause");

	return 0;
}

Reference

Gray code. (2002, April 27). Retrieved July 08, 2016, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gray_code

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